Extra-vehicular activity (EVA) is work done by an astronaut away from the Earth and outside of a spacecraft. The term most commonly applies to an EVA made outside a craft orbiting Earth (a spacewalk). As of September 13, 2006, 158 astronauts had made spacewalks (out of 448 astronauts ever in space). These are some of the most interesting moments in spacewalks history:

1. Alexey Leonov, the pioneer (march, 1965)

On March 18, 1965 Alexei Leonov became the first person to walk in space. He spent 12 minutes outside the spacecraft Voskhod 2, connected to the craft by a five-foot tether. At the end of the spacewalk, Leonov's spacesuit had inflated in the vacuum of space to the point where he could not reenter the airlock. Finally, he opened a valve to allow some of the suit's pressure to bleed off, and was barely able to get back inside the capsule. The images are still shocking:

On June 3, 1965, Edgard H. White became the first American to conduct a spacewalk. As pilot of Gemini 4, White stepped outside the spacecraft for a 21-min spacewalk during which he maneuvered on the end of a 7.6-m lifeline by using a hand-held jet gun.

In 1994 astronaut Mark Lee tested the Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER) system for NASA. SAFER is a backpack propulsion unit that incorporates small nitrogen thrusters controlled by hand and moderated by computer. Pictured, Lee jets about the bay of Space Shuttle Discovery, over 200 kilometers above Earth in the first untethered space walk in ten years. SAFER, smaller than the Manned Maneuvering Unit, is designed as a backup system to help astronauts in the unlikely event that they become too separated from their work outside the International Space Station. [1]

5. Deep Space Spacewalkers (1971,72)

August 5, 1971. On the return journey, while about 275,000 km from Earth, Alfred Worden went on a 41-minute spacewalk during which he was attached to the CSM by a tether – the most distant EVA up to that time. In the picture, astronaut Ronald Evans performs an EVA during the Apollo XVII on December 17, 1972. Evans made three trips to the Service Module's Scientific Instrument Module (SIM) bay to retrieve file cassettes in the last spacewalk in deep space to date. [1] [2]


6. First spacewalk from the Shuttle (1983)

Astronauts Musgrave and Peterson on the first spacewalk from the Shuttle, 1983. During the mission, both astronauts tested EVA equipment as well as construction and repair devices and procedures. [1]

7. Intelsat VI Satelite Rescue (1992)

May, 1993. Three crewmembers of mission STS-49 hold onto the 4.5 ton International Telecommunications Organization Satellite (INTELSAT) VI after a six- handed "capture" was made minutes earlier during the mission's third extravehicular activity (EVA). From left to right: Richard J. Hieb, Thomas D. Akers and Pierre J. Thuot. [1]

8. Spacewalks on the robotic arm

Spacewalkers often work strapped to the tip of the shuttle's 50-foot robotic arm. The large robot arm attached to the Space Shuttle Orbiter was designed, and built by a Canadian company, and so is also known as Canadarm. It is 15.3 m long and weighs 408 kg. As part of the Remote Manipulator System (RMS) it can retrieve, repair and deploy satellites, or provide a mobile extension ladder for spacewalking crewmembers. The arm has been supporting astronauts working in space for a long time, so these are some of the most interesting pictures:

November 14, 1984. Astronaut Dale A. Gardner holds up a "For Sale" sign refering to the two satellites, Palapa B-2 and Westar 6 that they retrieved from orbit after their Payload Assist Modules (PAM) failed to fire. [1]

9. Hubble Repair Missions

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is a telescope in orbit around the Earth and the only telescope ever designed to be serviced from space by astronauts. To date, there have been four servicing missions, with a fifth and final mission planned for September 2008. [1] [2]

Astronaut F. Story Musgrave, anchored on the end of the Remote Manipulator System (RMS) arm, prepares to be elevated to the top of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to install protective covers on the magnetometers. [1]

10. International Space Station assembly

The International Space Station (ISS) is a research facility currently being assembled in space. It travels at an average speed of 27,744 km (17,240 miles) per hour, completing 15.7 orbits per day. Since 1998, astronauts have worked hard completing the station. In the picture above, International Space Station assembly EVA made during the STS-116 spaceflight by astronauts Robert Curbeam and Christer Fuglesang as they fly over New Zealand. [1]

April 13, 2002. Anchored on the International Space Station’s (ISS) Canadarm2 some 240 miles above the blue and white Earth, astronaut Lee M.E. Morin totes one of the S0 (S-zero) keel pins, which were removed from their functional position on the truss and attached on to its exterior for long-term stowage. [1]

Astronaut Piers Sellers working on ISS.